What is the reserve, I learned in the first grade, but then I did not realize what sense is laid in this word. Today, unfortunately, environmental disasters are not uncommon, and the only thing that inspires hope is to increase the number of reserves. About which of them are located in our country, and there will be my story.

What does the reserve need

It is no secret that our planet is in danger, and marina is humanity. There is a risk that through several generations, our descendants will not be able to admire the birds that are familiar to us as a crane and stork. In order not to give it to happen and create special areas - reserves, where nature will have more chances to preserve. Such sites are created in each country, and are under the protection of the state. Sometimes, scientific centers are being built there, where scientists can explore animals, as well as engage in the development of environmental protection mechanisms. The law prohibits the maintenance of any economic activity in such territories.

The largest reserves in Russia

The largest, both in the area and by the number of protected species, are:

• Barguzinsky - Area 3784.23 km²;
• Wrangel Island - 23651.6 km²;
• Big Arctic - 42697,54 km².

Despite the relatively modest sizes, the Barguzin reserve is the very first in our country - the basis of 1916. It is located in Buryatia near Baikal, and at first was intended as a place of breeding Soboley and Cunits. In 1997, he became the object of the World Heritage with the assignment of the "biosphere" status, which implies not only the preservation of the species fund, but enhancement.

The large Arctic is recognized as the largest not only in our country, but also in Europe, being at the same time environmental and research institution. Part of it is located within arctic tundra, the other extends to the Arctic desert. White bears, polar seagulls and other animals are inhabited here, which are threatened with disappearances.

Reserve Reserve

the protected natural territory (water area), on the K-Roy remains in nature. condition The entire natural complex is typical or rare landscapes for this zone, rare and valuable types of animals and plants, etc. GL. Task 3.- Conservation and restoration of reference natural ecosystems, as well as characteristic of the gennophund of organisms inherent for this region. In the USSR terr. 3. Forestly removed from the host. use; In 3. All hunting, animal catching, pasta of livestock, cutting trees, collection is broken. plants, sensing, etc. The first 3. Russia were Lagodekhsky and Morizzala (1912), cedar Pad and Barguzinsky (1916) and some others. In the USSR, the foundation of the protected business laid decrees "On Earth" (1917), "On Forests" (1918), "On the protection of monuments of nature, gardens and parks" (1921). In 1919, the Astrakhan Reserve was organized from the approval of V. I. Lenin, in 1920, the decree was signed on the establishment of the Ilmensky Reserve. Thanks to the protesting stored MN. species of rare animals, including Zubr, Kulan, Hora, ussurian tiger, sweeping, gaga, etc., restored to the commercial level of the number of sable, beaver, several. species of deer; In 3. Siberian's cedar forests are preserved, Caucasian beech forests, walnut forests and pistachio groves of Turkmenistan, sections of virgin steppes, and also MN. Foam fruit, drugs, and tech. Plants - Aralia, Tisa, Velvet Tree, Ginseng, etc. 3.- N.-I. Nature Conservation Institutions They have long-term stationary studies under the Nature Chronicle Program, the relationships between the Department are detected. Elements of the natural complex, the ecology of the MN is studied. species of plants and animals, in most 3. There are museums of nature. Many 3. Participate in the implementation of the international. Programs within the framework of the SES, UNESCO and in bilateral agreements with a number of countries on the topics of nature conservation. In the USSR (1985) there are 150 reserves (including 13 nat. Parks and one marine 3.) Land pl. OK. 16 million hectares; 17 of them received the status of the biosphere reserve. Commodified abroad national (natural and native) parks and reserves in their regime are only partly similar to 3. USSR, since tourism and leisure of the population are widely practiced.

.(Source: "Biological encyclopedic Dictionary. " GL ed. M. S. Gilyarov; Rate: A. A. Babaev, G. M. Vinberg, G. A. Zavarzin et al. - 2nd ed., Corrected. - M.: OV. Encyclopedia, 1986.)

reserve

Territory (water area), fully seized from economic use in order to preserve in the untouched form of natural communities; protected by law. On the territory of the reserve, hunting, fishing, pasta of cattle, garbage collection, forest cutting, etc.; It is also prohibited to the construction of objects not related to the activities of the reserve. Reserves are conducting research work related to the study of flora and fauna of this territory, the protection of rare species, observing natural processes and others. In Russia, there are 100 reserves with a total area of \u200b\u200bSt. 30 thousand hectares, incl. biosphere reserves.

.(Source: "Biology. Modern illustrated encyclopedia." Ch. Ed. A. P. Gorkin; M.: Rosman, 2006.)

Synonyms:

Watch what is a "reserve" in other dictionaries:

The plot of land or aquatic space, within which the entire natural complex is completely and forever is removed from the economic use and is under government. Researchers are also called research institutions, ... ... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

RESERVE - Not modified or low-changed natural complexes, which are forever excluded from the economic use (including visiting people) for the sake of preservation in the untouched form of the standards of nature, the Ozranians of the animal and ... ... Ecological Dictionary

Reserve, Safari, Reserve, Reserve Dictionary of Russian Synonyms. Sustain Reserve, Number of Synonyms: 11 Dejury (2) ... Synonym dictionary

RESERVE - State Natural Reserve ... Legal encyclopedia

Reserve, territory, sometimes including inland waters And river delta, allotted under the study and protection of wildlife, natural environment or geological characteristics of the landscape. In the UK there are several hundred reserves. ... ... Scientific and Technical Encyclopedic Dictionary

Reserve, reserve, husband. (official). Reserved territory, i.e. under special protection, under the ban (in order to save rare breeds of plants, animals, etc.). Dictionary Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 ... Explanatory Dictionary Ushakov

Reserve, a, husband. Reserved placewhere rare and valuable plants, animals, unique areas of nature, cultural values \u200b\u200bare preserved and retained. State forest h. Bobrow s. Pushkin s. Museum h Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov. S.I. ... ... Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov

- "Reserve", Russia, theater. Mossovet / Culture, 1999, Col., 122 min. TELESPEXT Based on the work of Sergey Dovlatov. Recorded and mounted theater performance. Mossovet, who started to put M. Znenstral, and after him ... ... Encyclopedia of cinema

reserve - Reserve, a, m. Slot. about what l. Place (institution), where many conservative people (usually about old Bolsheviks, Communists), for example, about sanatoriums ... Dictionary of Russian Argo

reserve - protected area or water area on which the entire natural or historical architectural complex is maintained and scientific research [Terminological dictionary on construction in 12 languages \u200b\u200b(VNIIS Gosstroy ... ... Technical translator directory

in accordance with the Law of the Russian Federation "On Specially Protected Natural Territories" of March 14, 1995 No. 33-ФЗ (as amended from 12/30/01 No. 196-ФЗ), state natural s. (GPZ) refer to particularly protected natural territories and are environmental protection, research and environmental-educational institutions. Z. - Nationwide objects. GPZ implement protection natural territories in order to preserve biological diversity and maintain in the natural state of protected natural complexes and objects; Organize and conduct scientific research, including the management of the chronicles of nature; Environmental monitoring under the national environmental monitoring system of the environmental environment; participate in the state environmental impact assessment of projects and schemes for the placement of economic and other objects; Engine enlightenment and education. GPZ, which are included in international System Biosphere reserves carrying out global environmental monitoring, receive the status of state natural biosphere reserves. The territory of the GPZ refers to the specially protected natural territories of the federal significance, so the GPUs of the Government Resolutions are established Russian Federation Subject to the consent of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation to attribute these territories to federal property objects. Natural resources I. real estate The GPUs are completely removed from the turnover (they cannot alienate and move from one person to other other ways). Seizure or other termination of rights to land and others natural resourceswhich are included in the GPZ are prohibited. In the territory of the GPP, any activity contrary to its tasks and the regime of the special protection of its territory established in the Regulations on this GPZ is prohibited. The introduction of living organisms is prohibited in order to acclimatize them. On the adjacent GPZ areas of land and water space, security zones are created with a limited environmental management mode. Staying on the territory of the GPZ citizens who are not workers of these reserves, or officialswho are not employees of the authorities in which these reserves are underway, only if there are permits of these bodies or GPZ directorates. GPZ are legal entitieswho do not have the purpose of their activities to extract profits (i.e. are non-profit organizations) and are created in the form of a federal federal budget of the environmental institution funded at the expense of the federal budget.

Introduction

All lands, depths, water, forests in our country by law are declared by common property and are under the protection of the state.

In connection with the development technical progress, enhancement of human impact on environmentwhich often leads to a violation of environmental equilibrium, dramatically increased the need for special, careful protection of individual corners "wild" nature, habitats of animal and plants, which were on the verge of disappearance, maintaining whole natural complexes, water sources, separate unique nature monuments that Value as a great national wealth.

Forms of protection are diverse, each of them is selected based on specific tasks. But the goal one is more reliable to protect one or another natural complex from possible destruction, save it.

If a state of some section declares the protected and stop cutting a forest, to break the land, it is not at all because this natural territory does not represent of particular For national economy. This means that the protected area performs a huge role as a reserve of clean air and water, as habitating the most valuable species of animals or plants. This means that in the future, it is possible that its value will be so great that it is not filled with any other wealth.

The reserve is the most important of the forms of special, the most complex protection of natural territories. That is why each of us must correctly understand the prohibitions, scientifically developed by environmental specialists for protected territories.

What is a reserve

The reserve is sites of territories or water areas, forever seized from economic use, on which all natural components and their natural combinations are preserved in perhaps a more complete natural state - natural complexes.

Reserves are created in different landscape areas in order to study as much as possible a variety of environmental systems and at the same time maintain all the wealth of species as priceless carriers of the gene pool on our planet.

Only due to the reserves managed to save many rare species Animals, for example, bison, mountain, Kulana, Bukhara deer, Tiger and a number of other disappearing animals, and from plants - Pitsundskaya and Earskaya Pines, Tis, Samshat, Lotus, etc. Reserves gave the opportunity to restore the commercial number of already disappearing hunting animals: sable, river beaver.

Behind the reserves are created by security zones, which, as it were, restrain the onslaught of economic activity to the protected territory itself. On the lands of the reserve, all construction is prohibited, not related to the activities of the reserve itself, carrying out geological exploration and other exploration work, cutting down the forest, hunting, fishing, tourism, garbage and berries, pasta of livestock, flouring fields. The protected area can be passed only with the written permission of the administration of the reserve and only on those sites that are listed in permission. Excursions, observations of animals or plant reserves are also possible only with the consent of the administration. School or student practice scientific work On the territory of the reserve is permitted only if trainees or specialists participate in research on work plan, approved by the Scientific Council of the Reserve and those department to whom the reserve is subordinated.

The position of the reserves is determined by the "basics of land legislation" of our country, where, in particular, it is said: "... the lands of the reserves are recognized by the sections of the land allocated in the prescribed manner, within which there are natural objectsrepresenting a special scientific or cultural value (typical or rare landscapes, vegetable or animal communities, rare geological formations, plants, animals, etc.). Any activity that violates natural complexes of reserves or threatening the preservation of natural objects with a special scientific or cultural value is prohibited both on the territory of the reserve and within the limits established around the reserves of security zones. "

This definition can be added that the protected areas are a completely special state fund, they forever are withdrawn from practical economic use. Reserved lands do not belong to Leschoz, state farm, industrial enterprise, but are transmitted to another owner - the reserve. Clear border is installed reserve territorywhere scientific environmental activities are conducted exclusively. No interventions, no economic use - he retains the beauty of the earthly, the original corner of nature.

Creature state Reserve - Case complex. Proposals for petitioning of certain areas of nature, which are undoubted value as nature standards, a lot. But one desire is not enough. In order for a certain area to become truly reserved, it must first examine environmental scientists; The staff of the design and reserving expedition make up a detailed draft of the future reserve, transfer it to coordination with local authorities, are submitted to the establishment of the Council of Ministers of the Federal Republic of the Federal Republic and, finally, when a special decision of the Council of Ministers has been adopted and coordinated with the state of the country, the reserve becomes a real state institution. . He gets to the land of land, invites researchers, forensic and other security workers to work and starts activities.