Transfer to passive voice online. Passive voice at different times
The mere presence of a passive voice form (sometimes called passive voice) is not a peculiar feature characteristic only of English syntax. However, the passive voice in English is wider than in Russian, and the model for constructing sentences with it is somewhat more diverse.
When is passive voice preferable? When it is not very important for the speaker who exactly performs the action, but it is important that it is performed and what subject is directed.
What is the difference between active and passive voice
To understand this issue, we start with the native language.
Consider the difference between “I keep the rings in this box” and “The rings are stored in this box”? In the first case, in the center of attention and in the role of the subject, the one who acts is me. In the second case, the speaker is only interested in the fact: the rings are here, in this box. And who put them there - no matter, it’s not worth mentioning this subject, because it is insignificant. This sentence is built in a passive voice, and its subject has become a word that names not the subject of the action, but its object - the ring.
In English, this semantic difference between the examples persists:
- I keep my rings in this jewelry-box.
- The rings are kept in the jewelry-box.
Active voice focuses on the subject of the action, and passive - on the action itself and the subject with which it is performed.
Building an offer in a passive voice
To “turn” an active structure into a passive one, you need to perform several steps:
- addition to make subject: in our example these are rings,
- subject to omit (or translate in addition),
- verb-predicate to formulate in passive: instead of keep - are kept.
Considering how many verb tenses are in English, it is very useful to learn the very principle of the formation of a passive form. It consists of several words: the auxiliary verb to be in the corresponding time, person and number (in our example, these are), after which the main verb in the form Participle II (kept) follows. For some times, quite heavy combinations are obtained, this is clearly visible in the summary table.
Formation of passive voice
| Present | Past | Future | Future in the past | |
| Simple | The ring is kept. | The ring was kept. | The ring will be kept. | The ring would be kept. |
| Continuous | The ring is being kept. | The ring was being kept. | ||
| Perfect | The ring has been kept. | The ring had been kept. | The ring will have been kept. | The ring would have been kept. |
The semantic verb remains unchanged, all the grammatical information (person, number, time) is carried by the auxiliary verb to be: it is he who gives such bulky forms. The table also shows that Future Continuous, Future Continuous in the Past and all the times of Perfect Continuous have no passive voice at all.
If a modal verb is used in the passive voice, then the model by which the sentence is built is greatly simplified: the modal verb + be + main verb. For example, The rings can be kept in the jewelry-box (Rings can be stored in a casket).
To form a negative sentence, we not put the particle in its usual place after the auxiliary verb: The ring is not kept. If he himself consists of several words, then after the first: The ring is not being kept. As always, the abbreviation is acceptable: The ring isn’t being kept.
Negative passive offers
| Present | Past | Future | Future in the past | |
| Simple | The ring is not kept. | The ring was not kept. | The ring will not be kept. | The ring would not be kept. |
| Continuous | The ring is not being kept. | The ring was not being kept. | ||
| Perfect | The ring has not been kept. | The ring had not been kept. | The ring will not have been kept. | The ring would not have been kept. |
In the general question, we place first the auxiliary verb (or only its first part): Is the ring kept? Is the ring being kept?
In a special question, this structure remains untouched, and in front of it we place a question word: Where is the ring kept?
General questions with passive voice
| Present | Past | Future | Future in the past | |
| Simple | Is the ring kept? | Was the ring kept? | Will the ring be kept? | Would the ring be kept? |
| Continuous | Is the ring being kept? | Was the ring being kept? | ||
| Perfect | Has the ring been kept? | Has the ring been kept? | Will the ring have been kept? | Would the ring have been kept? |
English passive sentences do not always “lose” the subject performing the action. At the request of the speaker, he can be called, the language provides the necessary means for this. Let's go back to our example and make a small clarification: The rings are kept in the jewelry-box by me. Addition with the preposition by indicates who performs the action (keeps the rings in the box): in the active voice it was subject I, now - the prepositional sentence used in the instrumental case: by me.
Additions to passive offers
In such sentences, additions are often used, calling those tools or means by which the action is performed. The pretext is used with them. with: The rings are cleaned with toothpaste.
Pretext of in such cases, used to indicate material: The rings are made of silver.
Features of the use of passive voice
1. In different languages, the prevalence of passive and active voice is not the same. In particular, a number of English verbs can be used in the passive as a predicate with a direct complement, although similar Russian words do not.
For example, a sentence I shown Maria the ring transforms into two different sentences in the liability:
- The ring was shown to Maria.
- Maria was shown the rings.
To translate such sentences into Russian, you have to use impersonal sentences without naming the one who performs the action. If the subject is known, you can translate it in the active voice: Tom was told by his teacher to sit down (Teacher told Tom to sit down).
2. Another difficulty - English verbs with the so-called postpositions, used in passive. The postpositions retain their place after the verb: The rings were sent for. In the translation, we put the word for (for the Russian language this is a pretext) before the noun - subject.
Good afternoon dear friends! Today I will tell you about the active voice in British speech.
Of course, it is easiest for us to perceive any information about a foreign language in comparison with our native, Russian.
The active voice in English and the simple rules for drafting a sentence are very easy to remember on such a comparison.
Only in order
The English language has a huge number of dialects and variations and it is hard to imagine that the birthplace of the language spoken by one and a half billion people is a small European country with an area of \u200b\u200bjust over 240 thousand square kilometers.
And, despite such a huge spread of the British and its varieties in each of them, the rules for constructing a sentence and using 12 active pledge times remain unchanged.
It is to such a scheme that one needs to bring one's speech to form an active voice.
It’s not at all difficult, is it? Well, move on. Read about how to form a passive voice.
I went to London - in three ways
Statements with the direct word order in English can stand in 12 tenses, as well as in Russian, time is expressed by a verb - a predicate.
At first glance, it might seem that 12 times is a lot, but understanding them is very simple.
The table of active pledge times can help us in this:
On the left you see exactly the same groups of times as in Russian:, and (from top to bottom). Everything is very clear here.
Above are groups of times that are not similar to Russians: simple, continued, perfect, and perfectly continued.
In order to easily remember these groups and the rules for their application, it is enough to compare examples of sentences given in the table.
In general terms, we can draw the following conclusion:
- Indefinite (or Simple) - simple, we use it when we talk about what happens sometime in the past or future, or in the present with some periodicity (often, always, sometimes). Pay attention to the rules for creating sentences at this time - they are very simple: V is the initial form of the verb, Vs is the initial form + s.
- Continuous - or continuous. From the name it is clear that it lasts now, in the past or in the future at a certain time. It is also formed simply: the predicate will always have the ending ing, and the predicate will be to be in the right time and number.
- Perfect - perfect or. We use it when we talk about an action that took place in the past or future, BUT completed by the time of speech (in the present), to the exact time in the past or future. They say that the result of the action should be on the face by a certain time. We form using the auxiliary verb have / has and the main one in the third form.
- Perfect Continuous is a mixture of the second and third, and in fact, in the name, and even in education. The action has already been going on for some time and continues to last at a certain point in time. Formed: have + been + predicate with ending ing. Where been - this is to be in third form.
The simplest and most effective way to memorize and correctly use all the times in speech is exercises.
How to prepare for international exams and what type to choose, read.
Regular training on unique ones will give you the opportunity to pass any test for active pledge times for the highest score. The new technology for memorizing foreign words will help you quickly increase your vocabulary and easily apply new words in speech. You will learn how to remember 100 foreign words per hour.
Do not forget to subscribe to the new useful materials of my blog, and you will also receive as a gift a phrase book in three languages, English, German and French. Its main advantage is that there is a Russian transcription, therefore, even without knowing the language, you can easily learn spoken phrases.
I was with you, Natalia Glukhova, I wish you a good day!
The passive voice in English (passive voice or passive voice) is usually used when the speaker’s attention is focused on the action itself. In this case, the very structure of the sentence changes: time, word order changes, an auxiliary verb in one form or another is added, and the main verb changes its form. In this case, it is unimportant or even unknown who performs this action:
My bike was stolen - My motorcycle was stolen.
In this example, the emphasis is on the theft of the motorcycle. The speaker either does not know exactly who did this or does not attach any importance to it, therefore the sentence is built in a passive voice - you can notice that in addition to the main verb, put in the third form, the verb to be appeared in the past tense form.
Sometimes passive voice is used to smooth out the emotional color:
A mistake was made - It was a mistake.
In this case, using a passive voice (passive voice or passive voice), the speaker emphasizes only the fact of the mistake, not to mention who made it. The verb to be in the past tense also appeared here.
Passive voice education
The English passive voice is formed as follows (basic rule):
noun (subject) + verb form to be + verb in the 3rd form (past participle).
The girl was deceived - The girl was deceived.
A building was burnt by John - The building was set on fire by John.
My sandwich is eaten - My sandwich is eaten.
The theater will be built - The theater will be built.
This island will be explored - This island will be explored.
The children will be met at the railway station - Children will be met at the railway station.
The construction is going to + verb, with the help of which they express their intention or simply talk about the future tense, changes to is going to be + verb:
The project is going to be done by Friday - The project will be done by Friday.
The pie is going to be baked in the evening - The cake will be baked in the evening.
My beard is going to be cut - Moz beard will be cut.
In some passive voices, before or after the form of the verb to be are placed additional verbs have, will, etc. (in their various forms and forms). More details of the appearance of several verbs in a row are discussed in the table below.
When translating active voice into passive, remember:
- present simple (present simple) and passive voice are not compatible;
- a noun that was an object in active voice becomes a subject in a passive voice;
- the final form of the verb in the passive voice changes to "the form of the verb to be" + "the verb in the third form";
- a noun that was a subject in active voice becomes an object or completely disappears from a sentence in a passive voice.
The use of prepositions in the passive voice
When it is necessary to clarify by whom or by what the action was performed, the prepositions by and with are used:
The cat is caught by the boy - The cat is caught by a boy.
We were warned by a fireman - We were warned by a firefighter.
The preposition by is needed to clarify who performed the action:
The cat is caught by the boy - The cat is caught by a boy.
The preposition with is needed to clarify how the action was performed:
The paper is cut with the scissors - The paper is cut with scissors.
In interrogative constructions that begin with who and what the preposition by is always present.
Who was the Moby-Dick written by? - Who wrote Mona Lisa?
What was the earthquake caused by? - What caused the earthquake?
Temporary forms
We emphasize once again: all temporary forms of the passive voice consist of two parts: to be in a certain temporary form and the third form of the verb. As in the real voice, in the passive there are various times and forms.
Free lesson on the topic:
Irregular English verbs: table, rules and examples
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The third form of the verb is always present in the temporary forms of the passive voice and the time of utterance is determined by the form of the verb to be.
| Time | Active pledge | Passive voice |
|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | bought | is / are bought |
| Present continuous | am / is / are buying | is / are being bought |
| Present perfect | have / has bought | have / has been bought |
| Past simple | bought | was / were bought |
| Past continuous | was / were buying | was / were being bought |
| Past perfect | had bought | had been bought |
| Future simple | will buy | will be bought |
| Future perfect | will have bought | will have been bought |
| Modal verbs | can / should buy | can / should be bought |
In times of the Continuous group, passive voice is not used. If you want to use one of these times, then you need to replace it with an active voice or another time. Further we will fix these rules with the help of additional tables with examples.
Time table in passive voice
Examples of offers in a passive voice in simple English tenses:
| Time | Pledge | Subject | Verb | An object | Transfer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | Active | Mark | writes | an article | Mark writes an article |
| Passive | An article | is written | by Mark | Article written by Mark | |
| Past simple | Active | Mark | wrote | an article | Mark wrote an article |
| Passive | An article | was written | by Mark | Article was written by Mark | |
| Present perfect | Active | Mark | has written | an article | Mark wrote an article |
| Passive | An article | has been written | by Mark | Article was written by Mark | |
| Future simple | Active | Mark | will write | an article | Mark will write an article |
| Passive | An article | will be written | by Mark | Article will be written by Mark |
Examples in passive voice sentences in more complex English tenses:
| Time | Pledge | Subject | Verb | An object | Transfer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present continuous | Active | Peter | is sending | a message | Peter sends a message |
| Passive | A message | is being sent | by Peter | The message is sent by Peter | |
| Past continuous | Active | Peter | was sending | a message | Peter sent a message |
| Passive | A message | was being sent | by Peter | The message was sent by Peter | |
| Past perfect | Active | Peter | had sent | a message | Peter sent a message |
| Passive | A message | had been sent | by Peter | Message was sent by Peter | |
| Future perfect | Active | Peter | will have sent | a message | Peter will send a message |
| Passive | A message | will have been sent | by Peter | ||
| Conditional I | Active | Peter | would send | a message | Peter will send a message |
| Passive | A message | would be sent | by Peter | The message will be sent by Peter | |
| Conditional II | Active | Peter | would have sent | a message | Peter will be able to send a message |
| Passive | A message | would have been sent | by Peter | Message can be sent by Peter |
Negative form
The English passive voice in negative form is formed by adding the not particle after the verb to be in the corresponding form or another additional verb (have, will, should, etc.), if used:
English textbook was not bought in 2007 - The English textbook was not purchased in 2007.
Their promises shouldn’t be keep “Their promises should not be kept.”
The flowers are not watered - Flowers do not water.
This car is not washed - They don’t wash this car.
I am not invited - I am not invited.
Interrogative Formation
In interrogative sentences put in a passive voice, the verb to be is taken to the very beginning:
Was the rabbit caught? - Was the rabbit caught?
Were you told to come in the morning? “You were told to come in the morning?”
Ware they injured? “Did they hurt?”
Is the fence painted? - Is the fence painted?
If the sentence in the passive voice contains additional verbs due to special time (for example, present perfect or future simple), they are already put to the beginning, and the verb to be in the necessary form remains in its place:
Will the message be written by Mike? “Will the message be written by Mike?”
Will she be invited to the birthday? “Will she be invited to her birthday?”
Is my beard going to be cut? - Will my beard be cut?
Verbs not used in the passive voice
In English, it is impossible to translate into a passive voice. Recall intransitive verbs differ in that they cannot have a direct complement. They usually indicate movement or condition.
Examples of intransitive verbs:
Cry - cry
Work - work
Laugh - laugh
Start - start
Move - move
Run - run
Transferring an offer from active to passive
To summarize. To translate a proposal into a passive one, the following actions are required:
- Addition to the proposal must be put in place of the subject.
- You need to translate the verb into the third form or add the ending -ed and add the verb to be to it in the right time and form. The time itself does not change, except for those times that are not used in the passive voice.
- The subject in the sentence in the active voice takes the place of complement in the passive and is used with the pretexts by (if the action is performed by a person) or with (if the action is "committed" by an instrument or object).
Example:
| Active pledge | Passive voice |
|---|---|
| My father cooks dinner for the whole family - My mother makes breakfast for the whole family. my father |
Dinner is cooked by my father for the whole family - My mom prepares breakfast for the whole family. dinner |
| John invited me to his birthday “John invited me to his birthday.” John - subject to active collateral |
I was invited to the birthday by Jonn “I was invited to John's birthday.” I - addition to which the action is directed |
Video about passive voice in English:
“Passivity is a hidden form of despair,” says Exupery. And for many English learners, passive voice is even an open form of despair.
Before we talk in detail about the passive voice in English, let's check your language flair (or how well you remember this topic). Do a little exercise:
If you have the answer 2 - congratulations! You did everything right. If 1, 3 or 4 - then somewhere there is an error. But I congratulate you too - the article is just for you!
Passive Voice is a passive voice. In Russian, it is called passive (but the English term, in my opinion, more reflects the meaning). In the active, or actual, pledge, someone or something that is subject to the proposal, he performs the action, in the passive voice - the object is passive, does nothing, waits for the action to be taken on it.
Compare:
I knitted a scarf. (I did it myself). - The scarf is knitted. (The scarf did nothing, someone else tied it up).
He translated the article. (He did it himself). - The article was translated (It is important that the action was performed on the article, the article did nothing, it experienced the effect).
Why do you need Passive voice?
It is needed when the performer of the action (agent) is unknown, unimportant or obvious, and the focus of attention is on the action. If we mention the performer, then through the preposition by.
Look at the passive examples:
These cameras are made in China. - the performer is unimportant.
I was born in 1986. - The performer is obvious (all mothers give birth).
His wallet was stolen. - the performer is unknown.
Passive voice structure
S + BE + Ved / V3
S -it is subject. The main thing to remember is that in the passive voice ALWAYS there is (which changes depending on the time) and the semantic verb is always with -ed if it is correct or in 3 form (past participle - Past Participle), if it is.
Compare the offers of the active (valid) pledge with the corresponding sentences of the passive (passive) pledge at different times.
| Active voice | Passive voice |
|---|---|
| PRESENT SIMPLE （happens regularly, “in general”） S + am / is / are + Ved / V3 | |
| I wash my car every week. I wash my car every week. She often buys clothes here. | My car is washed every week. They wash my car every week. Clothes are often bought here (by her). |
| PAST SIMPLE (completed action in the past, fact) S + was / were + Ved / V3 | |
| I washed my car 3 days ago. I washed my car 3 days ago. She ate Italian pizza yesterday. | My car was washed 3 days ago. They washed my car (my car was washed) 3 days ago. Italian pizza was eaten yesterday. |
| PRESENT CONTINUOUS (lasts now) S + am / is / are + BEING + Ved / V3 | |
| I am washing my car now. I'm washing my car now. A thief is stealing your money! | My car is being washed now. They’re washing my car (it’s “washing”). Your money is being stolen (by a thief)! |
| PAST CONTINUOUS (last) S + was / were + BEING + Ved / V3 | |
| I was washing my car yesterday at 5. Yesterday at 5 I washed the car. Someone was reading the article. | My car was being washed yesterday at 5. Yesterday at 5 they washed my car. The article was being read. |
| FUTURE SIMPLE (spontaneous decision in the future, order, request, promise) S + will + BE + Ved / V3 | |
| I will wash my car tomorrow. I will wash my car tomorrow! I will do my homework! | My car will be washed tomorrow. Tomorrow my car will be washed! My homework will be done. |
| FUTURE CONTINUOUS (will last in the future) DOES NOT EXIST - HURRY ^ _ ^ | |
| PRESENT PERFECT (something done to the present, the result) S + have / has + BEEN + Ved / V3 | |
| I have already washed my car. I already washed the car. I ’ ve just made an announcement. | My car has been washed. My car is already washed. An announcement has just been made. |
| PAST PERFECT (result to the past, happened BEFORE another past action) S + had + BEEN + Ved / V3 |
|
| By the time you called me, I had already washed my car. By the time you called me, I had already washed the car. I had sold my car before you called me. | My car had already been washed. The car has already been washed. My car had been sold before you called me. |
| FUTURE PERFECT (will happen at some point in the future) S + will + have + BEEN + Ved / V3 | |
| I will have washed my car by the end of the week. I will wash the car by the end of the week. I will have completed this task by tomorrow. | My car will have been washed. My car will be washed by the end of the week. This task will have been completed. |
| MODAL VERBS S + can / must / should / may ... + BE + Ved / V3 | |
| I should wash my car. I should wash the car. She can understand it. | My car should be washed. My car should be washed. It can be understood. |
| BE GOING TO (gather, intend) S + am / is / are / were / was / were + going to + BE + Ved / V3 | |
| I ’ m going to wash my car. I'm going to wash the car. They are going to tell the truth. | My car is going to be washed. They are going to wash my car (my car is “going to be washed”) The truth is going to be told. |
What prepositions are used in the passive voice
If the performer of the action is indicated, then the preposition is used BY:
It was done by Mike. This was done by Mike.
If the material or tool with which the action is performed is indicated, then the preposition - with.
It has been cut with a knife. It is cut with a knife.
If the performer is someone undefined (people, somebody, someone, they), then he is not indicated in the passive voice.
People believe that it brings bad luck. - it is believed that it brings bad luck.
Passive Phrasal Verbs
Please note that prepositions are preserved.
She looked after him when he was sick. - He was looked after when he was sick.
Questions in passive pledge
The construction rule is the same in English - the reverse word order.
Where was it done?
When should it be sent?
What is it made of?
What are you congratulated on?
Passive constructions
When we are doing some services (cutting hair, repairing TV, painting nails, etc.), the HAVE SMTH DONE design is used. In this design, the HAVE verb will change according to time, and the semantic verb, as elsewhere in the passive voice, will always be in the third form.
For instance,
I always have my car washed here.
I ’ m having my TV fixed now.
I ’ ve already had hair done.
There are also passive constructions with the verbs want, require, etc.
I want it to be delivered.
Get insteadbe
Sometimes you can find passive constructions that use get instead of be (mainly in colloquial speech):
The wallet got stolen.
He got fired.
Sustainable combinations withget:
- Get married - get married
- Get divorced - get divorced
- Get dressed - get dressed
- Get lost - get lost
I wish you to make friends with a passive voice, but lead an active life! Go to action!
Best regards, Pauline 4kang.
To fix the material, pass the test.
Test
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Also watch our video tutorial on passive voice in English, shot on the background of a miniature Taj Mahal in Shenzhen, China.
If you find an error, please select a piece of text and press Ctrl + Enter.
- The postbox (to empty) every day.
- The letters (to deliver).
Answers:1. is emptied 2. are postmarked. 3. are sorted. 4. is loaded. 5. are unloaded. 6. are taken. 7. are sorted. 8. are delivered.
Exercise 2. Expand the brackets using verbs in Past Simple Passive. (YESTERDAY)
- The postbox (to empty) yesterday.
- The stamps (to postmark) at the post office.
- The letters (to sort) into the different towns.
- The mail (to load) into the train.
- The mailbags (to unload) after their journey.
- The bags (to take) to the post office.
- The letters (to sort) into the different streets.
- The letters (to deliver).
Answers:1. was emptied. 2. were postmarked. 3. were sorted. 4. was loaded. 5. were unloaded. 6. were taken. 7. were sorted. 8. were delivered.
Exercise 3. Expand the brackets using verbs in the Future Simple Passive. (TOMORROW)
- The postbox (to empty) tomorrow.
- The stamps (to postmark) at the post office.
- The letters (to sort) into the different towns.
- The mail (to load) into the train.
- The mailbags (to unload) after their journey.
- The bags (to take) to the postoffice.
- The letters (to sort) into the different streets.
- The letters (to deliever).
Answers: 1. will be emptied. 2. will be postmarked. 3. will be sorted. 4. will be loaded. 5. will be unloaded. 6. will be taken. 7. will be sorted. 8. will be delivered.
Exercise 4. Expand the brackets using verbs in Present, Past or Future Simple Passive.
- My question (to answer) yesterday.
- Hockey (to play) in winter.
- Mushrooms (to gather) in autumn.
- Many houses (to burn) during the Great Fire of London.
- His new book (to finish) next year.
- Flowers (to sell) in shops and in the streets.
- St. Petersburg (to found) in 1703.
- Bread (to eat) every day.
- The letter (to receive) yesterday.
- Nick (to send) to Moscow next week.
- I (to ask) at the lesson yesterday.
- I (to give) a very interest ing book at the library last Friday.
- Many houses (to build) in our town every year.
- This work (to do) tomorrow.
- This text (to translate) at the last lesson.
- These trees (to plant) last autumn.
- Many interesting games always (to play) at our PT lessons.
- This bone (to give) to my dog \u200b\u200btomorrow.
- We (to invite) to a concert last Saturday.
- Lost time never (to find) again.
- Rome (not to build) in a day.
Answers: 1. was answered. 2. is played. 3. are gathered. 4. were burnt. 5. will be finished. 6. are sold. 7. was founded. 8. is eaten. 9. was received. 10. will be sent. 11. was asked. 12. was given. 13. are built. 14. will be done. 15. was translated. 16. were planted. 17. are always played. 18. will be given. 19. were invited. 20. is never found. 21. was not built.
Exercise 5. Expand the brackets to select the desired verb form.
- At the station they will (meet, be met) by a man from the travel bureau.
- She will (meet, be met) them in the hall upstairs.
- The porter will (bring, be brought) your luggage to your room.
- Your luggage will (bring, be brought) up in the lift.
- You may (leave, be left) your hat and coat in the cloakroom downstairs.
- They can (leave, be left) the key with the clerk downstairs.
- From the station they will (take, be taken) straight to the hotel.
- Tomorrow he will (take, be taken) them to the Russian Museum.
Answers: 1. will be met. 2. will meet. 3. will bring. 4. will be brought. 5. may leave. 6. can leave. 7. will be taken. 8. will take.
Exercise 6. Transfer the following sentences to Passive Voice, paying attention to the location of the preposition.
E.g. We often speak of her. - She is often spoken of.
- The senior students laughed at the freshman.
- The group spoke to the headmistress yesterday.
- Young mothers looked after their babies with great care.
- Nobody lived in that old house.
- They sent for Jim and told him to prepare a report on that subject.
- We thought about our friend all the time.
- The doctor will operate on him in a week.
- The teacher sent for the pupil’s parents.
- They looked for the newspaper everywhere.
- Nobody slept in the bed.
- The neighbor asked for the telegram.
- Everybody listened to the lecturer with great attention.
Answers:1. The freshman was laughed at. 2. The headmistress was spoken to yesterday. 3. The babies were looked after with great care. 4. That old house was not lived in. 5. Jim was sent for and told to prepare a report on that subject. 6. Our friend was thought about all the time. 7. He will be operated on in a week. 8. The pupil’s parents were sent for. 9. The newspaper was looked for everywhere. 10. The bed was not slept in. 11. The telegram was asked for. 12. The lecturer was listened to with great attention.
Exercise 7. Expand the brackets using verbs in Active Voice or Passive Voice.
- Nobody (to see) him yesterday.
- The telegram (to receive) tomorrow.
- He (to give) me this book next week.
- The answer to this question can (to find) in the encyclopedia.
- We (to show) the historical monuments of the capital to the delegation tomorrow.
- You can (to find) interesting information about the life in the USA in this book.
- Budapest (to divide) by the Danube into two parts: Buda and Pest.
- Yuri Dolgoruki (to found) Moscow in 1147.
- Moscow University (to found) by Lomonosov.
- We (to call) Zhukovski the father of Russian aviation.
Answers:1. saw. 2. will be received. 3. will give. 4. be found. 5. shall show. 6. find. 7. is divided. 8. founded. 9. was founded. 10. call.
Exercise 8. Transfer the following sentences to Passive Voice.
- Not stole a lot of money from the shop.
- By six o’clock they had finished the work.
- At twelve o’clock the workers were loading the trucks.
- By three o’clock the workers had loaded the trucks.
- We send our daughter to rest in the south every year.
- They will show this film on TV.
- They are building a new concert hall in our street.
- I bought potatoes yesterday.
- We shall bring the books tomorrow.
- They are repairing the clock now.
- They sell milk in this shop.
- I have translated the whole text.
- They broke the window last week.
- When I came home, they had eaten the sweets.
- We shall do the work in the evening.
- He wrote this book in the 19th century.
- They were playing tennis from four till five.
- They have made a number of important experiments in this laboratory.
- Livingstone explored Central Africa in the 19th century.
- By the middle of autumn we had planted all the trees.
- They will stage this play at the beginning of next season.
- They have forgotten the story.
- Has anybody explained the rules of the game to you?
- They haven’t brought back my skates.
Answers:1. A lot of money was stolen from the shop. 2. By six o’clock the work had been finished. 3. At twelve o’clock the trucks were being loaded. 4. By three o’clock the trucks had been loaded. 5. Our daughter is sent to rest in the south every year. 6. This film will be shown on TV. 7. A new concert hall is being built in our street. 8. Potatoes were bought yesterday. 9. The books will be brought tomorrow. 10. The clock is being repaired now. 11. Milk is sold in this shop. 12. The whole text has been translated .. 13. The window was broken last week. 14. When I came home, the sweets had been eaten. 15. The work will be done in the evening. 16. This book was written in the 19th century. 17. Tennis was being played.from four till five. 18. The number of important experiments K-we been made in this laboratory. 19. Central Africa was explored by Livingstone in the 19th century. 20. By the middle of autumn all the trees had been planted. 21. This play will be staged at the beginning of next season. 22. The story has been forgotten. 23. Have the rules of the game been explained to you? 24. My skates haven’t been brought back.
Exercise 9. Transfer the following sentences to Active Voice. Enter any suitable subject.
- The room was cleaned and aired.
- Have all these books been read?
- Whom were these letters written by?
- The letter has just been typed.
- She showed me the picture which had been painted by her husband.
- I shall not be allowed to go there.
- He has been told everything, so he knows what to do now.
- All the questions must be answered.
- The door has been left open.
- Betty was met atthe station.
- The girl was not allowed to go to the concert.
- She said that the new timetable had not yet been hung up on the notice board.
- The roast chicken was eaten with appetite.
- It was so dark, that the houses could not be seen.
- The light has not yet been turned off.
- The boy was punished for misbehaving.
- By three o’clock everything had been prepared.
- The dictation was written without mistakes.
- Whom was the poem written by?
- Her dress was washed and ironed.
- I was not blamed for the mistakes.
- The papers had been looked through and corrected by the next lesson.
- This house was built last year.
- The letter has just been sent.
- This article will be translated at the lesson on Tuesday.
- When will this book be returned to the library?
Answers:I. She cleaned and aired the room. 2. Have you read all these books? 3. Who wrote these letters? 4.The secretary has just typed the letter. 5. She showed me the picture which her husband had painted. 6. My parents will not allow me to go there. 7. We have told him everything so he knows what to do. 8. You must answer all the questions. 9. They have left the door open. 10. We met Betty at the station.
II. The girl’s mother did not allow her to go to the concert. 12. She said that they had not yet hung up the new timetable on the notice board. 13. We ate the chicken with appetite. 14. It was so dark that we could not see the houses. 15. They have not yet turned off the light. 16. She punished the boy for misbehaving. 17. By three o’clock we had prepared everything. 18. We wrote the dictation without mistakes. 19. Who wrote the poem? 20. She washed and ironed her dress. 21. They did not blame me for the mistakes. 22. The teacher had looked through and corrected the papers by the next lesson. 23.They built this house last year. 24. We have just sent the letter. 25. We shall translate this article at the lesson on Tuesday. 26. When will you return this book to the library?
Exercise 10. Translate into English using the verbs in Passive Voice.
- They showed us a very strange picture.
- They are looking for you. Go home.
- You will all be invited to the hall and told about all the changes in the school curriculum.
- Why are they always laughing at him?
- We were all given tickets to the exhibition.
- The lectures of this famous professor always listen with great attention.
- Someone is waiting for me?
- They were asked three difficult questions.
- They have already sent for the director. Wait a bit.
- Everyone was invited to a big hall.
- These letters are scanned. They can be sent.
- A guide met them at the station and drove to the hotel.
- These magazines should be returned to the library next week.
- In our classes, a lot of attention is paid to pronunciation.
- Ivanov was told to explain why he was missing classes.
- Will I be invited to your evening?
- The children were left at home alone.
Answers:1. We were shown a very strange picture. 2. You are being looked for. Go home. 3. All of you will be gathered in the hall and told about all the changes in the school curriculum. 4. Why is he always laughed at? 5. All of us were given tickets to the exhibition. 6. The lectures of this famous professor are always listened to with great attention. 7. Am I being waited for? 8. They were asked three difficult questions. 9. The headmaster has already been sent for. Please wait a little. 10. Everybody was invited to a big hall. 11. These letters have been looked through. They can be sent. 12. At the station they were met by the guide and taken to the hotel. 13. These magazines must be returned to the library next week. 14. At our lessons much attention is paid to pronunciation. 15. Ivanov was told to explain why he missed classes. 16. Shall I be invited to your party? 17. The children were left alone at home.
WELL DONE!
Literature:
- Pavlichenko O.M. English. Grammar workshop. II level. - 2nd ed., Rev. and add. - X .: Ranok, 2012 .-- 304 s.
- Golitsinsky Yu.B. Grammar: A collection of exercises. - 5th ed., - St. Petersburg: KARO, 2005 .-- 544 p. - (English for students).
