Possible causes of low blood pressure: symptoms and treatment

Deterioration of well-being can be caused by drops in blood pressure. The reasons for this can be very diverse. Each person has an individual pressure, which is normal for him. Its indicator depends on the state of the autonomic nervous system. If a person with an active parasympathetic nervous system has a constant pressure below the standard values, then this is his norm. This condition is called physiological hypotension. It is not necessary to treat it, as this will worsen the condition of the person.

True hypotension is a drop in pressure below a constant value, which is characteristic of each individual. In this case, it is impossible to rely on generally accepted norms. There are many factors of pathological lowering of blood pressure in people of different ages and gender. Let's try to figure out why blood pressure drops sharply, in the causes, symptoms and consequences of this phenomenon.

Lowering blood pressure can cause significant harm to many body systems. If its low rates are kept for a long time, then this indicates serious problems with the heart. However, pressure can decrease due to the influence of internal and external factors not related to the disruption of the cardiovascular system. Causes of low blood pressure may include:

1. Genetic predisposition. Quite often, hypotension is transmitted from parents to children. As a rule, women often suffer from it. In childhood, predisposed people are characterized by lethargy and fatigue.

2. Prolonged stay in a stressful situation or in a state of increased physical activity. This is how the reaction of the heart muscle to severe fatigue after stress relief is manifested. Quite often, abnormally low blood pressure occurs in athletes and manual workers.

3. Sedentary lifestyle. The heart of a person who is in a state of constant rest gradually loses its functionality and the ability to pump blood efficiently throughout the body. It may take years for the body to return to normal.

4. Work associated with harmful production conditions. Poisoning the body with harmful substances or radiation causes irreversible changes leading to a drop in blood pressure in people employed in such industries.

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5. Hormonal changes. They can occur during adolescence in adolescents, as well as in people of any age and gender due to diseases of the thyroid gland or liver.

6. Vegetovascular dystonia. With a decrease in the activity of the sympathetic system, an excess of the hormone acetylcholine is produced. This leads to the fact that a person’s blood pressure quickly decreases, his state of health worsens, and weakness appears.

7. Pregnancy is the cause of low blood pressure in women. This is due to the complex processes occurring in the body.

8. Prolonged exposure to high temperature. Being in a hot bath or in a steam room leads to a significant expansion of blood vessels.

9. Injuries or internal diseases associated with constant blood loss. The pressure drops in a person with an ulcer, hemorrhoids and kidney pathology.

10. Regular use of sleeping pills, sedatives or antibiotics.

The cause of low blood pressure can be a long stay of a person in a state of deep depression.

Low blood pressure symptoms

You can determine deviations in the work of the cardiovascular system using a tonometer. Changes in indicators are evidence of the appearance of hypotension. But not everyone at home has such a medical device. In this case, it is important to know: if the pressure has dropped sharply, a person experiences the symptoms listed below.

1. Severe headache, which is localized in the back of the head. Unpleasant sensations can last for several hours.

2. Lack of air. The patient has a feeling of suffocation. This syndrome is especially pronounced in rooms with heavy air.

3. A sharp deterioration in well-being. The appearance of weakness and indifference. A person loses interest in everything that happens and becomes apathetic.

4. Disorders in the work of the digestive system. A slowdown in metabolism and blood supply leads to incomplete digestion of food. There are: vomiting, flatulence, diarrhea and constipation.

5. Increased fatigue. Due to low blood pressure, a person sweats a lot and gets tired quickly. He has shortness of breath even from slight physical exertion.

6. Dizziness and feeling of spatial disorientation. Pre-syncope occurs when the patient gets out of bed.

As a rule, limbs go numb in hypotensive patients.

At the same time, they become cold and acquire a bluish tint.

What is dangerous hypotension and how is it treated

As for physiological hypotension, in most cases it does not bring significant discomfort to a person. But the body is trying to bring blood pressure back to normal. This causes such an increase in them that by old age hypotension becomes hypertensive. Pathological hypotension is fraught with more severe consequences. If it is caused by disorders in the activity of internal organs, then a comprehensive examination and rather complex treatment will be required. If the pressure drops sharply, this can lead to the following consequences.

1. The lack of the required amount of oxygen and nutrients causes a decrease in brain performance. A person's memory and intellect are weakening. Dementia may well develop.

2. Sudden fainting is fraught with falls and injuries. If this happens while a person is in dangerous places or while driving, then the outcome of loss of consciousness can be fatal.

3. Complete or partial loss of vision. Since the metabolism slows down in the eyes, they lose their functionality.

4. Numbness of the limbs leads to loss of coordination of movements. This can severely limit a person's ability to perform activities associated with many occupations.

5. Increased fatigue limits freedom of movement, chaining the patient to bed and chair.

Any form of hypotension requires medical attention. If you know exactly why blood pressure drops, then the patient can be helped to return to a normal, fulfilling life. As a rule, hypotension is treated conservatively. Exceptions are cases when it is a complication of any disease of the internal organs. To achieve a greater effect, an integrated approach is used, which is expressed in the use of all methods of influencing the body.

The treatment is based on taking medications that contribute to a smooth and gradual return of cardiac performance to normal. Medicines are taken exclusively by prescription - self-medication is unacceptable. As the condition improves, the patient is prescribed various physical exercises to strengthen the heart muscle.

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• headache, blurred vision, black dots before the eyes (flies)...
• palpitations, shortness of breath even after the slightest physical exertion ...
• chronic fatigue, apathy, irritability, drowsiness...
• swelling, sweating, numbness and chills of the fingers...
• pressure spikes...

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